Overview
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most prevalent cancer worldwide, and the third most frequent cause of cancer-related death—responsible for almost 500,000 deaths every year.1 In its early stage, the disease is often curable with surgery,2 and the
Quality Care in Advanced CRC: Personalizing Treatment According to Patient and Tumor Factors
The management of advanced CRC has both increased in complexity and become associated with more profound clinical benefits for patients, largely because of the availability of active chemotherapy, targeted agents, and validated biomarkers.3-10 Current clinical practice recommendations indicate that multiple management strategies may be used to achieve the goal of offering quality care.11 Indeed, most data have confirmed the benefit of agent selection and sequencing using all effective strategies—oxaliplatin, irinotecan, fluoropyrimidines, bevacizumab, cetuximab, panitumumab, surgery for resection of metastases—in various combinations and in different treatment settings, based on patient and tumor characteristics.11-49
Patient characteristics—such as age, gender, presence of comorbid conditions, or overall performance status (PS)—should, of course, factor into treatment decisions.50 Assessing which patients will benefit from an intensive approach is important in determining the initial treatment strategy.50 For example, in patients who are fit and who present with good PS and relatively aggressive disease, a more intensive oxaliplatin or irinotecan platform represents a reasonable choice, with the addition of agents such as bevacizumab or cetuximab guided in part by KRAS status (Figure 1). Therapy may be selected according to treatment goals—whether the patient is eligible for palliative therapy only or potentially curative treatment in settings where resection of metastases is possible. To achieve these ends while improving patient outcomes and quality of life, several treatment modifications—including intermittent platinum dosing,12 maintenance therapy,15 treatment beyond progression with targeted therapy,42 and neoadjuvant strategies combining targeted and cytotoxic options25—have been tested and/or validated by researchers. In addition, several less intensive options have been considered in the upfront setting for use in elderly individuals or patients with poor PS—for example, fluoropyrimidine-bevacizumab combinations have been associated with clinical benefits in older populations.7
What statement accurately summarizes the NCCN recommendations regarding the use of biomarkers in metastatic CRC (as of August 2012)?
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This activity is supported by an educational grant from Sanofi-aventis U.S., Inc. A SANOFI COMPANY and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals.
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